What Drives Successful FinTech and Intelligent Workflow Automation in Banking? The Roles of Organisational Readiness, Integration Capability, and Regulatory Governance

Abstract

The growing adoption of financial technology (FinTech) and intelligent workflow automation is transforming banking operations, yet the organisational and technological capabilities required to integrate these technologies successfully remain insufficiently understood. Drawing on the Technology–Organisation–Environment (TOE) framework and the Resource-Based View (RBV), this study examines the effects of technological compatibility, digital infrastructure readiness, top-management support, employee digital competence, organisational change readiness, and regulatory pressure on integration capability, as well as the relationship between integration capability and automation success in banking sector of Pakistan. The relationships were examined using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). The results indicate that all six antecedents have significant positive relationships with integration capability. Technological compatibility demonstrates the strongest association followed by top-management support digital infrastructure readiness organisational change readiness employee digital competence and regulatory pressure   Furthermore, integration capability exhibits a strong positive relationship with automation success. These findings highlight the importance of technological compatibility, managerial commitment, digital infrastructure, employee capabilities, organisational adaptability, and the regulatory environment in developing effective integration capabilities for banking automation. The study contributes to the literature by integrating technological, organisational, and environmental determinants into a unified framework for understanding FinTech and intelligent workflow automation. The findings also offer practical guidance for banking managers seeking to strengthen technology integration and improve automation outcomes.